1. Analyze and explain the behavior of simple programs involving the fundamental programming constructs: variables, expressions, assignments, I/O, control constructs, functions, parameter passing, and recursion. 2. Identify and describe uses of primitive data types. 3. Write programs that use primitive data types. 4. Modify and expand short programs that use standard conditional and iterative control structures and functions. 5. Design, implement, test, and debug a program that uses each of the following fundamental programming constructs: basic computation, simple I/O, standard conditional and iterative structures, the definition of functions, and parameter passing. 6. Write a program that uses file I/O to provide persistence across multiple executions. 7. Choose appropriate conditional and iteration constructs for a given programming task. 8. Describe the concept of recursion and give examples of its use. 9. Identify the base case and the general case of a recursively-defined problem. 10. Determine informally the time complexity of simple algorithms. 11. Differentiate between logical errors, syntax errors, and run-time errors;